The original C compiler had no need for headers or function prototypes/forward declarations. Of course, it also was not a single-pass compiler: it had two (and a half) passes and generated assembly that would then be assembled by a two-pass assembler.
Yes, function prototypes were introduced in the first ANSI version of C, IIRC, which came some years after the original C. The prototype feature was described in the second version of the classic K&R C book, The C Programming Language.
